Scoliosis surgery

Scoliosis surgery is used to correct or stabilise abnormal curvature of the spine when it is significant, progressive or causing symptoms.

It aims to improve alignment, reduce deformity and support long-term function where non-surgical management is not sufficient.

AT A GLANCE

  • Surgery to correct or stabilise spinal curvature
  • Used for moderate to severe scoliosis
  • Aims to improve alignment and function
  • Carefully planned and individualised
  • Often involves spinal fusion and instrumentation

Understanding scoliosis surgery

Specialist treatment for spinal curvature

Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves abnormally to the side. In many cases, it is mild and managed without surgery. However, when the curve becomes more pronounced, progresses over time or causes symptoms, surgical treatment may be considered.

Scoliosis surgery is designed to correct or stabilise the curve using a combination of spinal fusion and instrumentation, such as rods and screws.

At Total Spine Health, surgery is only recommended following careful assessment, imaging and discussion of all available options. The aim is to achieve the best possible balance between correction, safety and long-term function.

What is scoliosis surgery?

Correcting and stabilising spinal curvature

Scoliosis surgery involves straightening and stabilising the spine to reduce the abnormal curve.

This is typically achieved by repositioning the spine and securing it with rods and screws, allowing the bones to fuse together over time and maintain the corrected alignment.

The extent of correction depends on the type and severity of scoliosis, as well as the patient’s age, symptoms and overall health.

When this treatment may be used

When scoliosis may require surgical assessment

Many cases of scoliosis do not cause significant symptoms. Surgery is considered when curvature progresses or begins to affect function.

  • visible spinal curvature or imbalance
  • uneven shoulders or hips
  • back pain associated with the curve
  • fatigue or discomfort with activity
  • progression of the curve over time
  • impact on posture or body alignment
  • in some cases, breathing or functional limitations

CONDITIONS TREATED

Types of scoliosis where surgery may be considered

Scoliosis surgery is considered in selected cases depending on the cause, severity and progression of the curve.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

A common form developing during growth, which may progress over time.

Adult degenerative scoliosis

Curvature developing later in life due to wear and tear.

Progressive spinal curvature

Curves that continue to worsen despite monitoring or non-surgical care.

Structural scoliosis

Fixed curvature requiring stabilisation.

Scoliosis with pain or functional limitation

Where symptoms are affecting daily life.

Scoliosis with imbalance

Changes in posture or alignment affecting mobility.

Complex spinal deformity

Combined structural problems affecting the spine.

Recurrent or previously treated scoliosis

Cases requiring further assessment or correction.

When scoliosis surgery may be considered

When surgical correction becomes appropriate

Scoliosis surgery is not required for most patients. It is considered when the curve is significant, progressing or causing symptoms that affect quality of life.

The decision is based on multiple factors, including curve size, progression, symptoms and overall health.

  • significant spinal curvature
  • progression of the curve over time
  • symptoms affecting daily life
  • pain not improving with conservative treatment
  • functional limitation or imbalance
  • imaging confirms structural deformity

ASSESSMENT AND SURGICAL PLANNING

Careful evaluation before surgery

Detailed assessment is essential to plan scoliosis surgery safely and effectively.

  • full clinical and postural assessment
  • imaging including X-rays and MRI
  • measurement of spinal curvature
  • evaluation of progression over time
  • discussion of risks, benefits and alternatives
  • planning of surgical approach and levels

The aim is to achieve the best possible outcome while minimising risk.

PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES

Approaches used in scoliosis surgery

Scoliosis surgery involves a combination of techniques tailored to the type and severity of the spinal curve.

Posterior spinal fusion

The most common approach, stabilising the spine from the back.

Instrumentation (rods and screws)

Used to correct alignment and hold the spine in position during fusion.

Anterior approaches (selected cases)

Accessing the spine from the front where appropriate.

Combined approaches

In complex cases, more than one surgical approach may be used.

Deformity correction techniques

Specialised methods used to improve spinal alignment.

Recovery after scoliosis surgery

What recovery may involve

Recovery following scoliosis surgery varies depending on the complexity of the procedure and the individual patient.

Because the procedure involves fusion and correction, recovery is typically more gradual than for simpler spinal procedures.

  • hospital stay following surgery
  • gradual return to movement and activity
  • pain management and wound care
  • physiotherapy and rehabilitation
  • monitoring of spinal healing
  • guidance on returning to normal activities

The aim is to support safe recovery and long-term spinal stability.

FAQs

Frequently asked questions about scoliosis surgery

Is scoliosis surgery always necessary?

No. Many cases are managed without surgery. It is only considered when the curve is significant or progressing.

How much correction is possible?

This varies depending on the curve and individual factors.

How long is recovery?

Recovery can take several months, with gradual improvement over time.

Are there risks?

As with any surgery, there are risks, which are discussed in detail during assessment.

Will the curve come back?

Fusion helps stabilise the spine, reducing the risk of recurrence in treated areas.

RELATED CONDITIONS

Conditions linked with minimally invasive surgery

RELATED TREATMENTS

Treatment pathways that may be relevant